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● Reference
ㆍNewborn < 1.9 or 2.5cm
ㆍSchool age < 3.7cm
● Penile size was increased in the 2011 preliminary study than 1987 study (233 boys).
● Measurement
▶ Getting a correct penile measurement is very important because a diagnosis of micropenis really hinges on the size.
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▶ Conventional methods
using ruler or calipers
grasping the glans exclude fat pad and foreskin measuring from pubic ramus to the tip of the glans
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▶ Stretched penile length (SPL)
Schonfeld WA et al. J Urol 1942;48:759-77
Park S et al. Korean J Urol 2012:53:870-4
measuring from pubic ramus to the tip of the glans in order to exclude the fat pad and foreskin grasping and gently pulling glans pushing suprapubic area (to feel discomfort) (No pain)
● Etiology
▶ Etiological evaluation
Aslan TB et al. Indian J Pediatr 2014;81:775-9
ㆍMicropenis : 45 patients (69%) ㆍHormonal abnormality : 29 patients (44%)
ㆍMisdiagnosis in referring hospital : 20 patients (31%)
- buried penis due to obesity
- erroneous measurement of SPL
- lack of knowledge on population standards for penile length
● Diagnostic workup
▶ In children and preadolescent
ㆍSPL
ㆍTesticular size
ㆍChromosome analysis (karyotype)
ㆍLH/FSH/TTT
ㆍBone age (left wrist X-ray)
ㆍTanner stage
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